实体瘤经常形成缺氧区域，导致攻击行为和耐药性增加。使用 GC-MS 分析香茅精油 (EO) 的化学成分。通过离子凝胶法合成了含有EO及其主要成分柠檬醛的海藻酸盐纳米颗粒。使用 ATR-FTIR 分析确认封装。在常氧（21% 氧气）和低氧（1% 氧气）条件下评估柠檬酸柠檬精油、柠檬醛及其各自的藻酸盐纳米颗粒对乳腺癌 (MDA-MB-231) 和黑色素瘤 (A-375) 的抗癌功效细胞系。此外，使用qPCR和流式细胞术评估凋亡基因表达比（Bax/Bcl-2）和凋亡水平。柠檬醛（80.98%）被确定为EO的主要成分。合成了含有 C. citratus EO 和柠檬醛的海藻酸盐纳米颗粒（C. citratus-AlgNPs 和 citral-AlgNPs），粒径为 195±±4 nm 和 222±±9 nm，zeta 电位为 -22±±3 mV 和 -17±±1分别为 mV。两个样品在缺氧条件下均表现出显着更高的功效。柠檬醛和 C. citratus-AlgNPs 对 MDA-MB-231 和 A-375 细胞的 IC50 值分别为 27 (19-39) µg/mL 和 25 (4-147) µg/mL。流式细胞术显示缺氧条件下细胞凋亡增加，其中柠檬醛-AlgNP 和 C. citratus-AlgNP 的细胞凋亡率最高（MDA-MB-231 和 A-375 细胞中分别为 84 ± 5 和 92 ± 5%）。本研究表明海藻酸盐纳米粒子增强了 C. citratus-AlgNPs 和柠檬醛的抗癌活性，特别是在缺氧条件下，突出了它们用于缺氧靶向癌症治疗的潜力。© 2024。作者。

Solid tumors often develop hypoxic regions, leading to aggressive behavior and increased drug resistance.The chemical composition of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (EO) was analyzed using GC-MS. Alginate nanoparticles containing the EO and its primary component, citral, were synthesized via the ionic gelation method. Encapsulation was confirmed using ATR-FTIR analysis. The anticancer efficacy of C. citratus EO, citral, and their respective alginate nanoparticles was evaluated under normoxic (21% oxygen) and hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions on breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and melanoma (A-375) cell lines. Additionally, qPCR and flow cytometry were used to assess apoptosis gene expression ratios (Bax/Bcl-2) and levels of apoptosis.Citral (80.98%) was identified as the major component of the EO. Alginate nanoparticles containing C. citratus EO and citral (C. citratus-AlgNPs and citral-AlgNPs) were synthesized with particle sizes of 195 ± 4 nm and 222 ± 9 nm, and zeta potentials of -22 ± 3 mV and - 17 ± 1 mV, respectively. Both samples demonstrated significantly greater efficacy under hypoxic conditions. Citral and C. citratus-AlgNPs had IC50 values of 27 (19-39) µg/mL and 25 (4-147) µg/mL, respectively, against MDA-MB-231 and A-375 cells. Flow cytometry showed increased apoptosis under hypoxic conditions, with the highest rates observed for citral-AlgNPs and C. citratus-AlgNPs (84 ± 5 and 92 ± 5% in MDA-MB-231 and A-375 cells, respectively).This study demonstrates that alginate nanoparticles enhance the anticancer activity of C. citratus-AlgNPs and citral, particularly under hypoxic conditions, highlighting their potential for hypoxia-targeted cancer therapies.© 2024. The Author(s).