金属氧化物纳米颗粒（MONP）具有大量的表面金属离子和高表面积体积比，是医疗应用最有效的材料之一。几十年来，MONP 已被认为是潜在的治疗方法，因为它们已被证明能够针对与抗菌作用有关的多种细胞信号通路，以及改善氧化应激、炎症、癌症进展、血糖和脂质失调等方面的能力和反应性。基于其独特的特性，MONPs已被证明是可生物降解和生物相容的药物载体，最近已作为纳米载体应用于药物输送，以增强其机械膜运输的输送能力。然而，人们对 MONP 的精确细胞反应、分子机制以及在医学领域的潜在用途知之甚少。本综述重点阐述 MONP 对分子和细胞反应的生化反应，强调这些功能化材料的生理反应、作用机制、某些缺点和补救措施。该文献的重要目标是阐明 MONP 在临床前应用中的新视角，以作为替代个性化药物进行临床研究，以预防个人罹患严重疾病。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) is one of the most effective materials for medical applications with their substantial surface metallic ions and high surface area-volume ratio. Over decades, MONPs have been considered potential treatments due to their demonstrated ability and reactivity to target diverse cellular signaling pathways implicated in antimicrobial effects, as well as in the amelioration of oxidative stress, inflammation, cancer progression, and glucose together with lipid dysregulation. Based on their unique characteristics, MONPs have shown to be biodegradable and biocompatible vehicles for drugs, which have recently been applied in drug delivery as nanocarriers to enhance their delivery capacity for mechanistic membrane transport. However, little is known about the precise cellular responses, molecular mechanisms, and potential use of MONPs in the medical field. This review emphasizes on elaborating the biochemical reactivities of MONPs on molecular and cellular reactions, highlighting the physiological responses, mechanisms of action, certain drawbacks, and remediation of these functionalized materials. The significant goal of this literature is to shed light on the new perspectives of MONPs in pre-clinical application to pursue for clinical research as alternative-personalized medicines to prevent individuals from drastic diseases.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.