简介 在世界范围内，乳腺癌仍然是影响女性的最常见癌症。乳腺癌的预后基于许多临床和病理指标。需要进一步的特征来预测乳腺癌患者的早期转移和预后，因为目前的病理特征，如肿瘤分化、血管浸润和 TNM（肿瘤、淋巴结和转移）分期，无法完全描述早期转移的生物学行为在乳腺癌中。 Ki-67 高表达被认为与癌症患者较差的生存率相关。因此，本研究旨在研究 Ki-67 作为浸润性乳腺癌预后标志物的效用及其与已知临床病理因素的关联。方法 该研究是一项以医院为基础的横断面研究，在 Vijayapura Bijapur Lingayat 地区教育 (BLDE)（被视为大学）Shri BM Patil 医学院医院和研究中心病理科组织病理学科进行。该研究于2022年9月1日至2024年4月30日期间进行。研究人群由我院收治的55例原发性乳腺癌乳房切除标本组成。从病历中记录了有关患者年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学类型、组织学分级、淋巴结状态和血管侵犯的数据。根据标准方案对雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)、人表皮生长因子受体 2/neu (HER2/neu) 原癌基因和 Ki-67 标记物进行免疫组织化学染色。对 Ki-67 与这些临床病理参数的关系进行了统计分析。结果本次研究中，55例中，30例为高级别Ki-67核阳性，其余25例为低级别Ki-67核阳性。 Ki-67 与肿瘤大小和组织学分级的关联显示出统计学显着性，p 值分别小于 0.05 和 0.001。然而，淋巴结状态、血管侵犯、雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR) 和人表皮生长因子受体 2/neu (HER2/neu) 原癌基因状态没有统计学意义，p 值更大大于0.05。结论 在我们的研究中，Ki-67的表达与组织学分级和肿瘤大小具有统计学意义。应在乳腺癌的常规病例中进行 Ki-67 增殖指数的免疫组织化学测定，以获得有关肿瘤侵袭性（如增殖率所反映）的临床有用信息。因此，Ki-67 可用作治疗乳腺癌患者的预测和预后标志物。版权所有 © 2024，Sandilia 等人。

Introduction Worldwide, breast cancer is still the most common cancer that affects women. Breast cancer prognosis is based on a number of clinical and pathological indicators. Further features are needed to predict early metastasis and prognosis of patients with breast carcinoma, as the current pathological characteristics, such as tumor differentiation, vascular infiltration, and TNM (tumor, node, and metastasis) staging, cannot fully describe the early metastatic biological behavior in breast carcinoma. High Ki-67 expression is seen to be associated with worse survival in cancer patients. Hence, this study was conducted to study the utility of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker in invasive breast carcinoma and its association with known clinicopathological factors. Methodology The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out in the Histopathology Section of the Department of Pathology, Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur Lingayat District Education (BLDE) (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura. The study was conducted between September 1, 2022, and April 30, 2024. The study population consisted of 55 cases of mastectomy specimens of primary breast cancer admitted to our hospital. Data regarding the patient's age, tumor size, histological type, histological grade, lymph node status, and vascular invasion were noted from medical records. Immunohistochemical staining for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu (HER2/neu) proto-oncogene, and Ki-67 markers was performed according to standard protocol. The relationship of Ki-67 with these clinicopathological parameters was analyzed statistically. Results In the current study, high-grade Ki-67 nuclear positivity was seen in 30 cases out of 55 cases, and low-grade Ki-67 was seen in the remaining 25 cases. The association of Ki-67 with tumor size and histological grade showed statistical significance with a p-value of less than 0.05 and 0.001, respectively. However, no statistical significance was seen with lymph node status, vascular invasion, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu (HER2/neu) proto-oncogene status with p-values greater than 0.05. Conclusion The expression of Ki-67 was statistically significant with histological grading and tumor size in our study. Immunohistochemical determination of the Ki-67 proliferation index should be performed in routine cases of breast cancer to obtain clinically useful information on tumor aggressiveness as reflected in their proliferative rate. Hence, Ki-67 can be used as a predictive and prognostic marker in managing breast cancer patients.Copyright © 2024, Sandilya et al.