众所周知，内生真菌会产生生物活性化学物质和次生代谢物，这些化学物质和次生代谢物通常与其宿主植物产生的相同。当前研究的主要目的是分离和鉴定与药用植物 Anethumgravolens 相关的内生真菌，并研究其潜在的抗菌和抗癌特性。对分离的内生真菌以及宿主植物 A.gravolens 的乙酸乙酯提取物进行生物活性测定，以评估它们对多重耐药菌株和人肝细胞癌细胞系 HepG2 的抗菌和抗癌潜力。从 A.gravolelens 样品中分离和鉴定的内生真菌包括 Diaporthe、Auxarthron、Arthrinium、Aspergillus、Microsporum、Dothiorella、Trichophyton、Lophiostoma、Penicillium 和 Trichoderma 种。最低抑菌浓度（MIC）测定显示，A.graveolens提取物的抗菌活性最强，MIC值为4μg/ml，其次是木霉属。 (5 μg/ml) 和青霉菌属。 (6 μg/ml) 提取物。此外，木霉属、青霉属和镰刀菌属的粗提物。对 HepG2 细胞具有较高的抗癌活性，浓度为 50μg/ml 时抑制率为 89% 至 92%。有趣的是，A.gravolens 提取物显示出最有效的抗癌活性，在相同浓度下对 HepG2 细胞的抑制率为 95%。这些发现凸显了与 A.gravolens 相关的内生真菌作为具有前景的抗菌和抗癌特性的生物活性化合物来源的巨大潜力。结果强化了这样的假设：药用植物及其内生真菌可以作为开发新型治疗剂的有吸引力的替代品，与传统的化学方法相比，有可能提供一种更可持续、危害更小的疾病管理方法。版权所有 © 2024 El -Zehery、Ashry、Faiesal、Attia、Abdel-Maksoud、El-Tayeb、Aufy 和 El-Dougdoug。

Fungal endophytes are known to produce bioactive chemicals and secondary metabolites that are often identical to those produced by their host plants. The main objective of the current study was to isolate and identify endophytic fungi associated with the medicinal plant Anethum graveolens, and to investigate their potential antibacterial and anticancer properties. The ethyl acetate extracts from the isolated endophytic fungi, as well as the host plant A. graveolens, were subjected to bioactivity assays to evaluate their antibacterial and anticancer potential against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. The endophytic fungi isolated and identified from the A. graveolens samples included Diaporthe, Auxarthron, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Microsporum, Dothiorella, Trichophyton, Lophiostoma, Penicillium, and Trichoderma species. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay revealed that the A. graveolens extract exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, with an MIC value of 4 μg/ml, followed by the Trichoderma sp. (5 μg/ml) and Penicillium sp. (6 μg/ml) extracts. Additionally, the crude extracts of Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp. demonstrated high anticancer activity against HepG2 cells, with inhibition rates ranging from 89 to 92% at a concentration of 50 μg/ml. Interestingly, the A. graveolens extract showed the most potent anticancer activity, with a 95% inhibition rate against HepG2 cells at the same concentration. These findings highlight the significant potential of endophytic fungi associated with A. graveolens, as a source of bioactive compounds with promising antibacterial and anticancer properties. The results reinforce the hypothesis that medicinal plants and their endophytic fungi can serve as an attractive alternative for the development of novel therapeutic agents, potentially offering a more sustainable and less harmful approach to disease management compared to traditional chemical-based methods.Copyright © 2024 El-Zehery, Ashry, Faiesal, Attia, Abdel-Maksoud, El-Tayeb, Aufy and El-Dougdoug.